Blue books make a comeback at colleges in the AI era. Why not "chisels," critic mocks

Axios
by Josephine Walker
March 14, 2026
2 views
3 min read

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The Bottom Line

Colleges revert to handwritten exams to prevent AI cheating, sparking debate over practicality and equity.

How This Affects You

Students with disabilities and multilingual learners may face disadvantages from handwritten exam requirements.

AI Summary

Colleges are bringing back blue book handwritten exams to combat AI-generated cheating, but educators argue this approach disadvantages students with disabilities and multilingual learners while failing to prepare graduates for workplaces that expect AI proficiency. University of California, Davis Professor Dan Melzer calls the blue book revival a sign that educators look like "dinosaurs" who are "out of step and out of date," while Eastern Michigan University's Steven Krause jokes "Why don't we just have them write with chisels?" Critics note that more than half of students now take online courses, making in-person handwritten exams impractical, and that AI wearables like Meta's smart glasses could enable cheating regardless of exam format. Some professors argue that most student cheating is overstated, with experienced educators able to detect AI-generated writing that "just sounds off."

What's Being Done

Universities implementing blue book exams while critics advocate for AI-integrated teaching approaches.

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