In war-torn Iran, air pollution from burning oil depots and bombed buildings unleashes invisible health threats

U.S. and Israeli airstrikes on Tehran and Beirut, along with Iran's retaliatory missile attacks on neighboring countries, are releasing toxic debris into the air affecting millions of residents. Military strikes have targeted Iran's oil refineries, missile stockpiles, and nuclear facilities, with one oil depot fire creating toxic black clouds over Tehran and oily rain that left residents with headaches and breathing difficulties. The burning oil facilities emit especially harmful pollutants including soot particles and heavy metals from munitions, creating invisible health threats similar to those seen after the World Trade Center collapse. Chemical and environmental engineer studies show that tiny particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers can penetrate deep into the respiratory system, while larger debris from collapsed buildings containing asbestos and concrete dust can be kicked back into the air during rescue efforts. Rescue workers and residents face long-term respiratory problems from exposure to these airborne toxins, as seen in previous conflicts in Gaza, Iraq, Kuwait, and Ukraine.